sắc sai
Definition
- Noun (Physics/Optics):
- Chromatic aberration: An optical defect in lenses where different colors (wavelengths) of light are focused at different points, causing colored fringes, especially noticeable at high contrast edges. This occurs because the lens material refracts (bends) each color of light by a slightly different amount.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Ống kính chất lượng cao được thiết kế để giảm thiểu sắc sai. (High-quality lenses are designed to minimize chromatic aberration.)
- Hiện tượng sắc sai khiến cho viền của vật thể trong ảnh có màu tím hoặc xanh lá. (Chromatic aberration causes purple or green fringes around objects in the image.)
- Các kính viễn vọng khúc xạ thường mắc phải sắc sai. (Refractor telescopes often suffer from chromatic aberration.)
Advanced Usage
- "Sắc sai dọc trục" (Longitudinal chromatic aberration): This occurs when different wavelengths focus at different distances along the optical axis, leading to a general loss of sharpness and color blur.
- "Sắc sai ngang trục" (Lateral chromatic aberration): This occurs when different wavelengths are magnified differently, producing colored fringes, especially at the edges of the image.
Variants and Related Words
- Quang sai (n): Optical aberration (the broader category including chromatic and other aberrations like spherical aberration).
- Tán sắc (n): Dispersion (the property of a material that causes light to separate into its component colors, which is the root cause of chromatic aberration).
Synonyms
- Color fringing: A common descriptive term for the visible effect of chromatic aberration in photography.
- Color distortion: A general term for incorrect color reproduction, which can be caused by chromatic aberration.
Related Scientific Terms
- Apochromatic lens (APO): A lens specially designed and constructed to correct chromatic aberration for at least three wavelengths of light, bringing them to a common focus.
- Achromatic lens: A lens corrected to bring two wavelengths (typically red and blue) into focus in the same plane, reducing but not eliminating chromatic aberration.